What gambling deposits actually ride on, in 104 markets

Currency

EUR

Regulator

KSA · Kansspelautoriteit

Tax

37.8% of GGR from 1 Jan 2026 (34.2% in 2025, 30.5% before)

Enforcement reaches

payment blocking

License economics

EUR61,300 application fee since 1 Apr 2026 (EUR48,000 before), five-year term; founding licenses expire 1 Oct 2026; exit plan mandatory under BVRKOA 2026

KSA-licensed and the most heavily taxed open market in Europe: gaming tax stepped from 30.5% to 34.2% in 2025 and 37.8% on 1 January 2026, and the KSA's own June 2026 evaluation concedes the 2025 step raised about EUR2m of the EUR108m projected while channelization by money sits near 53%.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Netherlands →

Currency

PLN

Regulator

MF · Ministerstwo Finansów

Tax

12% of turnover on sports betting (stakes, not GGR; over 50% of gross revenue at real margins); online casino closed to private operators; player winnings taxed 10% above PLN 2,280 per coupon

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

License economics

Betting permit runs six years, extendable by six more; PLN 2m share capital, .pl domain, EU/EFTA data hosting

Online casino is a state monopoly held by Totalizator Sportowy's Total Casino (PLN 50.6bn in 2024 stakes, three times the whole betting sector); private operators may take sports bets only, on 19 permits, and pay 12% of turnover rather than GGR, north of 50% of gross revenue at real margins and the reason most casino demand sits offshore.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Poland →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

GGL · Gemeinsame Glücksspielbehörde der Länder

Tax

5.3% of stakes (not GGR) on virtual slots and online poker; ~125% of gross revenue at standard payout ratios per the DICE report

Enforcement reaches

payment blocking

License economics

GGL license; spin cap tiered EUR1/EUR3/EUR5 since 1 Jul 2026, 5-second spins, no autoplay or jackpots, EUR1,000/month cross-operator cap via LUGAS

GGL-licensed under the 2021 treaty, with a deliberately narrow product: virtual slots and online poker only, five-second spins, no autoplay or jackpots, and a EUR1,000 monthly deposit ceiling that follows the player across every licensed operator through the LUGAS limit file.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Germany →

Currency

GBP

Regulator

UKGC · Gambling Commission

Tax

Remote gaming duty 21% to 40% on 1 Apr 2026; remote betting duty 15% to 25% in Apr 2027, horse racing excluded

Enforcement reaches

No active blocking recorded

License economics

UKGC operating license plus the statutory levy; the credit-card ban is license condition 6.1.2

UKGC-licensed, and 2026 brings a tax shock: remote gaming duty nearly doubles from 21% to 40% on 1 April 2026, while remote betting duty goes from 15% to 25% in April 2027 with horse racing carved out.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in United Kingdom →

Currency

SEK

Regulator

Spelinspektionen

Tax

22% of GGR (18% before July 2024)

Enforcement reaches

payment blocking

License economics

Five-year license, SEK264,000 annual supervisory fee; credit-funded play banned since 1 May 2026 (SFS 2026:90), a duty on the operator only

Spelinspektionen licenses, five-year terms, a SEK 264,000 annual supervisory fee, and 22% of GGR in tax since July 2024 (18% before).

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Sweden →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

Poliisihallitus until 30 Jun 2027, then the Licensing and Supervisory Authority (LVV); Veikkaus monopoly until the market opens 1 Jul 2027

Tax

22% of GGR once licensed (from Jul 2027; lottery tax was 12%)

Enforcement reaches

payment blocking

License economics

Applications open since 1 Mar 2026, EUR29,000 win or lose; supervision fee EUR4,000 to EUR434,000 by GGR band; no license class for payment providers

The Veikkaus monopoly runs through 30 June 2027 and its replacement is already law: Rahapelilaki 10/2026, license applications open since 1 March 2026 (EUR 29,000 fee, charged win or lose; 50 applications by June), licensed B2C market from 1 July 2027, game-software licensing mandatory from July 2028.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Finland →

Currency

NOK

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

Norsk Tipping monopoly; 2025 Gambling Act enforces a payment-transaction ban + DNS blocking; banks block cards and direct bank/Trustly to offshore; e-wallets are the grey workaround, NO compliant private acquiring.

Currency

DKK

Regulator

Spillemyndigheden

Tax

28% of GGR

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

DKK68,700 application fee (2026); annual fees from DKK60,900, scaled to GGR

Spillemyndigheden-licensed, 28% of GGR in tax, a DKK68,700 application fee for 2026 and annual fees scaled to revenue from DKK60,900.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Denmark →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

SRIJ · Serviço de Regulação e Inspeção de Jogos

Tax

25% of GGR on games of chance; 8% of turnover on fixed-odds sports betting

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

Three-year renewable; EUR500k player-liability guarantee plus EUR100k against the special gambling tax

SRIJ-licensed under Turismo de Portugal, with three-year renewable licenses backed by real capital: a EUR500,000 guarantee per license for player liabilities plus EUR100,000 against the special gambling tax.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Portugal →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

ADM · Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli

Tax

24.5% of GGR on betting, 25.5% on casino, plus a 3% annual fee on net revenue

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

EUR7m for nine years (EUR4m up front, EUR3m on deployment)

ADM-licensed, and 2026 completes the reset.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Italy →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

DGOJ · Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego

Tax

20% of GGR (10% for operators registered in Ceuta or Melilla)

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

General license ten years, renewable; ~EUR38k plus EUR2,500 per singular license; EUR5m fine for operating unlicensed

DGOJ-licensed under Law 13/2011 and taxed at 20% of GGR, or 10% for operators registered in Ceuta and Melilla.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Spain →

Currency

RON

Regulator

ONJN · Oficiul Naţional pentru Jocuri de Noroc

Tax

Annual authorisation tax 30% of GGR (21% before Law 141/2025), minimum EUR480,000

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

EUR300,000 annual license tax; payment processors need a Romanian Class 2 license and player funds must sit in Romanian bank accounts

ONJN-licensed, and the economics changed hard on 1 August 2025 when Law 141/2025 lifted the annual authorisation tax from 21% of GGR to 30%, with a floor of EUR480,000 a year, on top of a EUR300,000 annual license tax.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Romania →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

ANJ · Autorité Nationale des Jeux

ANJ regulates online sports betting / horse racing / poker only; online casino/slots remain BANNED in 2026 (legalization push failed late 2025); served offshore while ANJ pressures banks/PSPs to refuse unlicensed-gambling flows.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in France →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

Gaming Commission · Kansspelcommissie / Commission des jeux de hasard

Tax

11% of gross margin, set at the same level by all three regions

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

Online license must attach to a land-based license, which caps operator numbers

Licensed by the Gaming Commission, and every online license has to hang off a land-based one, which caps the operator count structurally.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Belgium →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

HGC · Hellenic Gaming Commission

Tax

35% of GGR, charged after 20% corporate tax

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

License economics

Seven-year license, .gr operations

HGC-licensed under the 2020 framework, with .gr operations, seven-year licenses and 35% of GGR in tax, charged after 20% corporate tax has already been applied.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Greece →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

GRAI · Gambling Regulatory Authority of Ireland

Tax

2% betting duty on turnover, matched by a remote betting duty on operators serving Irish players

License economics

First remote licenses from 1 Jul 2026; in-person from Dec 2026; fee structure under review on a tiered basis

The Gambling Regulatory Authority of Ireland went live in 2026: applications opened in February, the first remote betting licenses issue from 1 July 2026 with enforcement starting alongside them, and in-person licensing follows in December.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Ireland →

Currency

EUR

Regulator

BMF · Bundesministerium für Finanzen (no independent gambling authority before 2030)

License economics

Monopoly today (win2day, concession expires 2027); draft law in consultation to 15 Jul 2026 would open uncapped five-year licenses extendable by ten

Online casino is still a state monopoly through win2day, but Austria imposes no payment restrictions, so offshore MGA operators serve Austrians heavily and openly.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Austria →

Currency

CHF

Regulator

ESBK / Gespa · Eidgenössische Spielbankenkommission for casinos, Gespa for lottery and betting

Tax

From 20% of GGR up to CHF3m, scaling as high as 80%

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

No standalone online license: a Swiss land-based casino concession plus an online extension

A closed market by design.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Switzerland →

Currency

EUR

NRA-licensed since 2020 (.bg, closed-loop payouts, GGR tax 25% from Jan 2026).

Currency

EUR

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

MoF-licensed (local company + servers required); 2026 reform added ad curfews, tiered winnings tax, self-exclusion register, bank-blocking of unlicensed operators.

Currency

CZK

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

2017 Gambling Act, MoF-licensed (EU/EEA eligible); MoF runs IP + PAYMENT blocking of illegal operators; CZK 5,000 cap on CASH only.

Currency

EUR

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

EMTA (Estonian Tax and Customs Board)-licensed online iGaming (activity license + operating permit). 2026 Gambling Act amendment (in force Jan 1 2026): remote bets must be received only through an EEA-licensed credit/payment/EMI/crypto-asset institution, and payouts only to the SAME account used to deposit (closed-loop AML). ISP + financial blocking of unlicensed sites.

Currency

EUR

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

IAUI (Lotteries & Gambling Supervisory Inspection)-licensed online iGaming; IAUI merges into the State Revenue Service (SRS) Apr 1 2026; interactive-gambling tax rises 12%->15% in 2026. License requires a Latvia-registered JSC with >=EUR 1.4M capital and >51% local ownership; players register a bank account; banks/PSPs must block blacklisted operators - only locally-licensed acquiring serves the regulated market.

Currency

EUR

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

Gaming Control Authority (Losimu prieziuros tarnyba, under the Ministry of Finance)-licensed online iGaming (remote-gambling permit required). 2026 rule forces financial institutions to BLOCK payment-card transactions to unlicensed operators (plus IP/DNS blocking); near-total ad ban phasing in, gambling age rising to 21 - only locally-licensed acquiring clears for the regulated market.

Currency

RSD

Regulator

GCA · Uprava za igre na sreću (Games of Chance Administration)

License economics

€250k share capital + €300k bank guarantee + €10k daily risk deposit

Closed market run by the Games of Chance Administration (Uprava za igre na sreću) inside the Ministry of Finance: a Serbian license is mandatory and Malta or Curaçao paper is not recognised. Entry economics sit in the law; €250,000 share capital, a €300,000 bank guarantee or deposit held at a bank domiciled in Serbia, and a €10,000 daily risk deposit. The amendments adopted in November 2024 (in force 6 December 2024, applied from 6 January 2025) are the payments-relevant part: online organisers must give the Administration access to their database or a replicated Mirror Server, e-licensing and KYC/self-exclusion data exchange were tightened, and individual cash deposits or withdrawals above RSD 1,175,000 in any 30-day window are now restricted.

Currency

GEL

Regulator

Revenue Service of Georgia

Tax

20% GGR domestic-facing; 5% GGR under the proposed foreign-only license

License economics

Foreign-only license: 5-year term (June 2026 amendments)

A licensed market with a two-tier tax split that is the whole story for an inbound operator. Domestic-facing online casino pays 20% of GGR; the amendments proposed in June 2026 to the law on the Organisation of Lotteries, Gambling and Profitable Games create a dedicated foreign-only license (online slots and sports betting sold exclusively to non-Georgian customers), at 5% GGR on a five-year term. Online casino licenses stay tied to the ten land-based casino businesses, among them Casino Adjara, Crystalbet and Iveria. The operator field is consolidated and international: Adjarabet belongs to Flutter, and Betsson runs the former europebet. Treat Georgia as a licensing-and-hosting proposition first and a player market second.

Currency

EUR

Regulator

ÚRHH · Úrad pre reguláciu hazardných hier

License economics

No cap; Slovak branch or subsidiary required; eKasa real-time fiscal reporting from 1 Jan 2026

An open EU licensing market run by the Office for the Regulation of Gambling (ÚRHH) under the Ministry of Finance, with the modern framework live since March 2019 and no cap on the number of licenses.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Slovakia →

Currency

MKD

Regulator

State-owned operator under the 2026 Law on Games of Chance

Enforcement reaches

payment blocking

License economics

Single state operator from 14 July 2026; private firms supply tech via tender only

The freshest regulatory event in this taxonomy, and it closed the market. The Assembly adopted a new Law on Games of Chance and Entertainment Games on 29 June 2026, in force 14 July 2026, replacing the 2011 framework: online casino, sports betting and lottery now sit under a single state-owned operator. Private companies may still supply games, platforms and technology through public tenders, but they cannot hold the license, manage players or run the site, and the authorities moved to cancel the licenses previously held by operators including Mozzart, NOVO VLT, 77 BITS, Vezuv and 2Win.mk. The payments clause is explicit: online payment transactions must route through banks seated in North Macedonia.

Currency

EUR

Regulator

Games of Chance Administration

License economics

Online license requires an existing land-based license (Act in force 14 Aug 2025)

A new Games of Chance Act entered into force on 14 August 2025, replacing the old concession model with licensing: casino licenses are issued by the government, other games by the Games of Chance Administration. The gate for online is the familiar Balkan one; an online license goes only to operators that already hold a land-based license, which makes market entry an acquisition question rather than an application question.

Currency

BAM

Regulator

Three entity regulators: Federation of BiH, Republika Srpska, Brčko District

License economics

Online license requires land-based presence in the same entity

One country, three gambling regimes: the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republika Srpska and Brčko District each legislate and enforce separately. Online is legal in principle, but licenses go only to operators already running land-based operations inside the same entity; so a national footprint means clearing three regulators and, in practice, three land-based positions. The fragmentation is the market's defining feature and the reason it stays small relative to its population.

Currency

EUR

Regulator

Ministry of Finance (1995 Gaming Act)

License economics

Two licensees only; 2025 draft would raise the cap to five

Closed by design under the 1995 Gaming Act: online products may only be offered by operators that already hold a Slovenian land-based casino, betting or lottery license, which in practice means Loterija Slovenije and Športna Loterija, the latter holding exclusive rights over sports and racing betting. Foreign operators cannot enter directly. Slovenia tabled draft amendments in 2025 that would raise the licensed count from two to five, open concession tenders and relax ownership and localisation rules; worth watching, not yet worth planning around; the Entain and Superbet interest in acquiring Športna Loterija was dropped.

Currency

HUF

Regulator

SZTFH · Szabályozott Tevékenységek Felügyeleti Hatósága

Tax

15% GGR + 2.5% supervision fee

License economics

HUF 1bn share capital + HUF 600m license fee; 5 years' EEA online experience; online casino needs one of 12 land-based concessions (11 granted by late 2025)

Split down the middle, and the split is what matters.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Hungary →

Currency

ALL

Regulator

Albanian Gambling Supervisory Authority (Law No. 18/2024)

License economics

10 online licenses total; joint-stock companies with EU/OECD track record; real-time transaction monitoring from 11 Mar 2026

Albania is the reopening story in this taxonomy. A blanket gambling ban ran for five years from 2019; Law No. 18/2024, effective 27 March 2024, brought regulated online sports betting back specifically to pull volume out of the black market. The reopening is deliberately narrow: only ten online licenses exist in total, reserved for joint-stock companies with high capital and proven operating history across several EU or OECD markets, while land-based casino and live poker sit behind separate high-end permits tied to five-star hotels and resort zones. Online casino was not reopened, so that vertical stays offshore. On 11 March 2026 the Council of Ministers adopted the technical standards: platform infrastructure, player identification, and billing and payment procedures, with every betting-related transaction recorded and monitored in real time by Albanian state bodies. That last clause is the one that shapes a payment stack here.

Currency

EUR

Regulator

Prohibited under the 2019 Law on the Prohibition of Games of Chance

License economics

No licensing route; ban runs at least 10 years, lottery excepted

The mirror image of its neighbour. Kosovo's Assembly passed the Law on the Prohibition of Games of Chance in March 2019, in force from May, after the murders of two men in gambling venues in Lipjan and Suhareka and the public pressure that followed. The prohibition covers essentially every form for at least ten years with the state lottery as the exception, and as of 2026 the government has shown no sign of reversing it; the contrast with Albania, which reopened in 2024, is the useful thing to know. There is no licensing route to obtain and no compliant local acquiring to build.

Currency

MDL

Regulator

LNM · Loteria Națională a Moldovei, supervised by the Ministry of Finance and the Licensing Chamber

License economics

State monopoly under Law No. 291 (2016); no route for international operators

Online was legalised in 2016 under Law No. 291 and then handed to a single operator: Loteria Națională a Moldovei, a joint-stock company under Ministry of Finance supervision, is the only domestic entity licensed to run online gambling, with the Ministry and the Licensing Chamber sharing oversight. So the online market is a state monopoly with a legalising statute rather than an open licensing regime; there is no route for an international operator to obtain a Moldovan online license, and everything else Moldovan players reach is offshore.

Currency

BRL

Regulator

SPA/MF · Secretaria de Prêmios e Apostas

Tax

13% of GGR in 2026, rising to 14% (2027) and 15% (2028) under LC 224/2025

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

License economics

R$30m, five years, up to three .bet.br brands

Regulated since January 2025 under Law 14.790: a licensed operator runs a .bet.br domain behind a Brazilian CNPJ, and only institutions authorized by the central bank may touch bettor money.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Brazil →

Currency

MXN

Regulator

SEGOB · Secretaría de Gobernación

Tax

50% IEPS from 1 Jan 2026 (30% before); offshore pays it on gross receipts with no prize deduction, plus 16% VAT; states add ~10% on player spend

Enforcement reaches

No active blocking recorded

License economics

SEGOB permit under the 1947 act; no standalone online license, online rides on an establishment permit; slot permits non-renewable since Nov 2023

Still governed by the never-amended 1947 Federal Games and Draws Act: no standalone online license exists, and every betting site is legally an annex of a land-based SEGOB permit (about 119 authorized domains on 73 permit records, one 2005 permit carrying 78 of them).

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Mexico →

Currency

COP

Regulator

Coljuegos

Tax

~15% of GGR exploitation rights plus 19% VAT; effective load past 34%

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

Individual concession contract, typically five years; 15 authorized operators

The most mature regulated online market in Latin America, licensed by Coljuegos since 2016 and now at 15 authorized operators working under individual concession contracts that typically run five years.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Colombia →

Currency

PEN

Regulator

MINCETUR · Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo, through the DGJCMT gaming directorate

Tax

12% of net gaming revenue plus a 1% excise on every online bet (Leg. Decree 1644)

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

License economics

MINCETUR authorization; 60+ operators licensed; fines to S/990,000

Law 31557 has been in force since February 2024, with MINCETUR licensing, supervising and enforcing, and more than 60 operators now authorized.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Peru →

Currency

CLP

Regulator

SCJ · No online regulator; land-based casinos sit with the Superintendencia de Casinos de Juego

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

None yet. Bill 14.838-03 would tax 20% of gross revenue plus VAT and a 1% responsible-gambling levy

Online betting is still unregulated, and the courts got there ahead of Congress.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Chile →

Currency

ARS

Regulator

No national regulator; provincial (LOTBA in CABA, IPLyC in Buenos Aires Province)

Tax

25% of GGR in CABA plus a 5% federal indirect tax; provincial rates vary

License economics

CABA: five-year permit, one extension, tender closed since June 2024. Buenos Aires Province: fifteen years

There is no national regulator.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Argentina →

Currency

USD

Regulator

Ministerio del Deporte

Tax

15% of gross revenue, 15% withheld on player payouts, 15% VAT on the digital service

License economics

655 unified basic salaries a year ($307,850 in 2025, so it reindexes), five-year term; sports betting only, online casino illegal

Sports betting was formalised by Executive Decree 487, signed in December 2024 with the operating rules effective 1 July 2025, and the Ministry of Sports is the regulator.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Ecuador →

Currency

UYU

Regulator

Dirección Nacional de Loterías y Quinielas

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

State channel only (Supermatch); online bill tabled March 2026

Online betting runs through the state operator: La Banca de Quinielas' Supermatch platform with a small set of authorised partners, while the National Directorate of Lotteries blocks offshore sites daily.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Uruguay →

Currency

USD

Regulator

JCJ · Junta de Control de Juegos

License economics

≈$40k initial + $20k/yr, 7-year permit

The Junta de Control de Juegos, inside the Ministry of Economy and Finance, licenses remote gambling across casino, sportsbook, poker and bingo under a single instrument: a Panamanian company, a local office, at least three directors, a seven-year permit at roughly $40,000 up front and $20,000 a year.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Panama →

Currency

DOP

Regulator

DCJA · Dirección de Casinos y Juegos de Azar

License economics

RD$20.47M online casino / RD$15.36M betting, 5-year term

Resolution 136-2024, issued 26 March 2024 by the Ministry of Finance, built a licensing regime for online casino and sports betting under the Dirección de Casinos y Juegos de Azar with three requirements that land on infrastructure rather than marketing: a .do domain, gaming servers physically inside the country, and registration with the Superintendence of Banks. Licenses run five years, are non-transferable for the first three, and are priced at RD$20.47M for online casino and RD$15.36M for sports betting. Resolution 184-2026 then added responsible-gaming rules and a national self-exclusion system, and a June 2025 reform bill would fold oversight into a new General Directorate of Gambling with real-time supervision. The banking registration is the clause that matters for a payment stack: it pushes settlement onshore by design.

Currency

PYG

Regulator

CONAJZAR · Comisión Nacional de Juegos de Azar

License economics

Law 7438/2025: up to 3 sports-betting licenses; Daruma SAM concession to 2028

Law 7438/2025 rewrote the regime, pulling sports betting and online casino inside the regulated frame under CONAJZAR and ending the single-operator model. The catch is timing: Daruma SAM's sports-betting concession runs to 2028, the new framework allows up to three licensed operators in that category, and the first public tenders were expected during 2026. Until those land, the practical market is one concession plus offshore traffic.

Currency

BOB

Regulator

AJ · Autoridad de Fiscalización del Juego

Tax

30% operator / 15% player (2026 reform proposes repeal)

A grey market with a regulator that claims the ground. Law 060 of 25 November 2010 created the Autoridad de Fiscalización del Juego under the Ministry of Economy and allows games by 'digital or technological means', a clause the AJ read in 2021 as bringing online gaming inside the framework; without a licensing route that international operators actually use. The 2026 reform on the table would scrap the gaming taxes (30% on operators, 15% on players) that the authorities themselves blame for driving volume grey, while the AJ keeps issuing public warnings about unauthorised sites. Watch the tax repeal: it is the trigger that would turn this into a real licensed market.

Currency

GTQ

Formally illegal, practically open.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Guatemala →

Currency

HNL

Enforcement reaches

No active blocking recorded

Regulated on paper since 1977 and never updated since: the framework has had no amendments and contains no reference to the online sector, which leaves online betting unmonitored rather than prohibited. There is no regulator issuing online licenses and no blocking regime to speak of, so Honduras behaves as an offshore-serve market where bank transfer is unusually prominent for the region.

Currency

VES / USD

Enforcement reaches

No active blocking recorded

No online statute exists. The 1997 casino and slot-machine law is land-based and predates the consumer internet; the 2000 National Lottery Law is silent on private digital wagering. So online play runs offshore in a grey market with no licensing route to obtain. What makes Venezuela worth mapping is the money rather than the law: with bolívar inflation running 254-270% annualised and escalating past 600% in Q1 2026, stablecoins carry roughly 91% of monthly Venezuelan crypto transactions, and the working cashier pattern is a dual channel; bolívares in through Pago Móvil, dollars in through USDT, with the operator holding an internal USD balance and converting bolívar deposits at the moment of receipt.

Currency

CRC

Regulator

Municipal data-processing license (not a gambling authority)

License economics

Hosting instrument only: bars serving residents and local-bank settlement

Costa Rica is two things at once, and conflating them is the standard error. As a jurisdiction it hosts operators worldwide under a municipal data-processing license, which is explicitly not gambling authorisation and comes with conditions that bar serving Costa Rican residents and bar settling through local banks. As a player market it is therefore pure offshore-serve: Costa Ricans deposit on international sites, and no domestic licensing route exists to serve them. The payments side is unusually modern for the region: SINPE Móvil, operated directly by the Banco Central de Costa Rica, reached over 80% of adults by 2025 and carries close to 80% of interbank transfer volume by count (about 4% by value) across 44 participating entities.

Currency

USD

Regulator

LNB · Lotería Nacional de Beneficencia

Licensing sits with the Lotería Nacional de Beneficencia, which issues and supervises permits including online gaming and sports betting; a real route, unlike most of Central America. One correction worth publishing loudly, because the outdated version is everywhere: Bitcoin is no longer legal currency here. On 30 January 2025 the Congress amended the Bitcoin Law as a condition of a $1.4bn IMF programme; acceptance is now voluntary, businesses may refuse it, and it can no longer be used to pay taxes or settle government debts. The country still runs a Bitcoin Office and holds BTC reserves, but the dollar is the operating currency and any cashier built on the 2021 story is built on a repealed premise.

Currency

NIO

Regulator

Ministry of Finance

The 2011 gambling law makes all forms legal and says nothing about online, which is read as permitting it; the Ministry of Finance regulates and a local license is nominally required, but the process is built around land-based permits with online extensions rather than online-only licenses. Enforcement against unlicensed sites is inconsistent, no meaningful roster of locally licensed online brands exists, and offshore operators serve the market in practice.

Currency

JMD

Regulator

BGLC · Betting, Gaming and Lotteries Commission

The Betting, Gaming and Lotteries Commission regulates the sector, and the legal online perimeter covers sports betting and lotteries; online casino is not part of it, so that vertical runs offshore. The interesting part for a payment stack is how domestic the deposit rails are: Jamaica's bill-payment culture routes through Paymaster, and the bank layer is a short list of local institutions rather than international acquirers.

Currency

TTD

Regulator

GCCTT · Gambling Control Commission

License economics

Gambling (Gaming and Betting) Control Act 2021; regulations still in draft

The Gambling (Gaming and Betting) Control Act 2021 created the Gambling Control Commission as an independent regulator and put the whole commercial sector (casinos, gaming establishments, betting shops and machine operators) behind licenses, each with its own tax treatment. The Commission has been standing the regime up since, with draft regulations published rather than a finished rulebook, so this is a market mid-build: the licensing architecture exists, the operating detail is still settling.

Currency

USD

Regulator

No federal regulator; each state licenses separately (NJ DGE, PGCB, MGCB and peers)

Tax

Set per state: NJ internet casino 19.75% since Jul 2025 (22.25% with the 2.5% investment levy), PA online slots 54%, NY mobile sports 51%

Enforcement reaches

payment blocking

License economics

State by state; no federal route; patron funds segregated or reserved per state rule

Regulated state by state with no federal licensing route: eight states have legalized online casino (Maine's tribal-exclusive market is not yet live), sports betting runs in nearly forty.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in United States →

Currency

CAD

Regulator

AGCO / AGLC · Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario, plus the AGLC in Alberta

Tax

Ontario and Alberta: ~20% of revenue to the provincial corporation (contractual, not a tax)

License economics

Ontario: AGCO registration plus CAD100,000 per gaming site annually. Alberta: open since 13 Jul 2026, 50 registered operators. Other provinces are lottery monopolies

Two provinces now run competitive private markets.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Canada →

Currency

INR

Regulator

OGAI · Online Gaming Authority of India (PROG Act 2025)

Tax

Historic, now moot for real-money gaming: 28% GST on the full face value of bets since Oct 2023, plus 30% withheld on net winnings above INR10,000 a year

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

License economics

None available: online money games are prohibited outright from 1 May 2026

Highest legal-risk tier in this catalog, shown rather than recommended because completeness matters: competitors list India processing, and readers deserve to see who does.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in India →

Currency

PHP

Regulator

PAGCOR · Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation

Tax

Effective 30% for e-casino operators, 20% for the rest

License economics

Monthly Minimum Guaranteed Fee from 1 Jun 2026 (deferred from 1 Apr): PHP9m at PHP30m e-casino GGR, PHP3m at PHP15m otherwise

PAGCOR-regulated for both domestic and offshore licensing, at an effective 30% for e-casino operators and 20% for the rest.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Philippines →

Currency

IDR

Regulator

No gambling regulator; Komdigi blocks with OJK, Bank Indonesia and the banks

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

All gambling is illegal and Indonesia runs one of the most aggressive enforcement programmes anywhere.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Indonesia →

Currency

THB

Regulator

No gambling regulator; enforcement by the Royal Thai Police with the Anti-Money Laundering Office

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

Gambling is illegal and the regulated-casino bill has stalled, so Thais are served offshore while enforcement runs at industrial scale.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Thailand →

Currency

VND

Regulator

No gambling regulator for foreign-facing online play; banking oversight sits with the State Bank of Vietnam

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

Gambling is barred for locals with narrow exceptions, so the market is served offshore and the binding constraint is financial rather than legal.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Vietnam →

Currency

MYR

Regulator

MCMC · No gambling regulator; MCMC blocks under the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 and the Online Safety Act 2025

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

Gambling is restricted and illegal for Muslims, so the market runs offshore and the state's answer is takedown volume rather than licensing.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Malaysia →

Currency

JPY

Online casino illegal; offshore/grey.

Currency

SGD

Gambling Regulatory Authority (GRA, formed 2022) under the Gambling Control Act 2022 / Remote Gambling regime.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Singapore →

Currency

CNY

All online gambling illegal + PSPs barred from processing; offshore serves a massive grey market via account-renting/fourth-party 'runner' rails. Heavy 2026 crackdown (Feb 2026 multi-agency circular reaffirming the USDT ban + PBOC personal-vs-business rules). Direct acquiring impossible; the runner/aggregator network IS the product.

Currency

KRW

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

Illegal for nationals (extraterritorial liability); ISP blocking + bank screening mandatory; from Jan 2026 dealing with FSC-blacklisted accounts carries up to 3yr/KRW30m. Only state Sports Toto legal; large offshore segment runs on rotated mule accounts; surviving the freeze cycle is the game.

Currency

TWD

No domestic online licensing, casino-style gambling banned (only state lotteries legal); residents served almost entirely by Chinese-language offshore operators. Banks refuse direct offshore-gambling funds, so local agent-held TWD accounts are decisive.

Currency

KHR / USD

Online gambling banned since 2019; GMC regulates land-based only; offshore sites openly target Cambodian players. Deposits route through personal Bakong/KHQR accounts + agents bridging KHR/USD to USDT; interoperability makes agent routing easy, compliance makes direct acquiring impossible.

Currency

MMK

Cybersecurity Law (Jan 2025) criminalizes unauthorised online gambling with extraterritorial reach; KBZ/Wave explicitly bar gambling; yet offshore Curacao books serve a ~95% mobile-only MMK base. Sanctions/instability push settlement to USDT; agent-network depth + freeze-resilience is everything.

Currency

BND

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

ALL gambling banned, online and land-based, under the Common Gaming Houses Act (Cap 28) reinforced by Sharia law (gambling is haram and a criminal offence). Zero-tolerance enforcement (fines + imprisonment for locals and foreigners), active site-blocking; payment processing for gambling is statutorily/religiously barred. Tiny population; the rare offshore player reaches sites only via VPN + foreign cards/crypto. No usable local fiat rail.

Currency

BDT

Cyber Security Act 2025 bans online betting AND bars PSPs/banks from processing it, but offshore cricket/casino books (BetVisa, Baji, Krikya) serve a huge BDT base. No gambling-MCC merchant API exists; everything runs through P2P agent numbers + local orchestrators settling operators in USDT. Whoever controls the agent/aggregator float controls the market.

Currency

PKR

Gambling banned, no licensing; sites IP-blocked but players not prosecuted; offshore books (1xBet, Mostbet) serve a large cricket-betting base. >PKR 50k flags FIA/AML, so operators split deposits and cycle agent numbers; resilient aggregator agent inventory is the whole game.

Currency

NPR

Gambling banned for locals (except national lottery); NRB orders PSPs (eSewa/Khalti) to FREEZE gambling-linked accounts under FATF pressure, 200+ apps blocked; but offshore books still onboard via local wallets. Surviving the freeze cycle is the operational moat.

Currency

LKR

GRA Act No.17 of 2025 in force Dec 2025; regulator fully operational by Jun 30 2026; digital gambling license now required; mid-2026 is a live transition grey/offshore → licensed LKR-only.

Currency

AUD

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

IGA 2001 bans online casino/slots (sports/race betting licensed onshore, online casino offshore-only); credit cards banned for licensed wagering since Jun 2024 and issuer MCC 7995 blocking extends to offshore casinos; pushing players onto A2A rails.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Australia →

Currency

NZD

Online Casino Gambling Act in force May 1 2026; from Jul 1 2026 only ~15 auctioned-license providers may serve NZ (extraterritorial, NZ$5m penalties), credit-card gambling banned; 2026 transitions pure-offshore → small regulated.

Currency

KES

Regulator

GRA · Gambling Regulatory Authority (replaced the BCLB in Feb 2026 under the Gambling Control Act 2025)

Tax

15% of GGR monthly; 5% excise on deposits and 5% withheld on withdrawals; the Finance Act 2026 widened the excise base and revived the 20% winnings withholding for lottery and prize competitions only

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

Regulated by the Gambling Regulatory Authority, which replaced the BCLB by the end of February 2026 under the Gambling Control Act 2025.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Kenya →

Currency

NGN

Regulator

State gaming regulators, coordinated by the Federation of State Gaming Regulators (FSGRN); federal licenses valid only in the FCT

Tax

Flat 11% of GGR across lottery, betting and casino from 1 Jan 2026

License economics

N100m a year per category, retail and online alike, plus discretionary state fees

The November 2024 Supreme Court ruling cut the National Lottery Act back to the Federal Capital Territory, which handed regulation to the states and voided federal licenses outside Abuja.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Nigeria →

Currency

GHS

Regulator

Gaming Commission of Ghana

Tax

20% of gross gambling revenue; the 10% withholding on player winnings was repealed in April 2025

Gaming Commission-licensed, with operators paying 20% of gross gambling revenue.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Ghana →

Currency

ZAR

Regulator

NGB · National Gambling Board plus provincial boards

Tax

Provincial 6-9% of GGR; a further 20% national online-betting tax is consulted on, not enacted

Enforcement reaches

No active blocking recorded

License economics

Provincial bookmaker license; online casino is illegal nationwide

The line that matters here is not licensed versus unlicensed, it is which product.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in South Africa →

Currency

TZS

Regulator

GBT · Gaming Board of Tanzania

Tax

25% of GGR on online betting and casino, 18% land-based; a 5% stake excise is budgeted for 1 Jul 2026, pending parliament

Licensed by the Gaming Board of Tanzania, and mobile money is not one option among several here, it is the market.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Tanzania →

Currency

UGX

Regulator

NLGRB · National Lotteries and Gaming Regulatory Board

Tax

30% of GGR from 1 Jul 2026 (harmonised from 30% gaming / 20% betting), plus 15% withheld on net winnings

License economics

Around UGX100m initial for a foreign online sportsbook; half for East African nationals

Licensed by the National Lotteries and Gaming Regulatory Board, and the tax structure was harmonised from 1 July 2026: a single 30% of GGR across betting and gaming, replacing a split that charged gaming 30% and betting 20%, plus 15% withheld on net player winnings.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Uganda →

Currency

XAF

Licensed and taxed rather than tolerated: authorisation runs through the Ministry of Territorial Administration and the gaming regulator (Agence de régulation des jeux), covers entertainment, commercial and online gambling, and online licenses run five years against 15% of GGR.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Cameroon →

Currency

XOF

A state-concession market: the 1970-vintage national lottery LONACI holds the exclusive concession over online games, sports betting and lotteries, and licenses the operators that run under it; Betclic, Premier Bet, 1xBet and Sportcash among them, with Bet360 licensed as recently as April 2026.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Cote d'Ivoire →

Currency

XOF

Regulator

LONASE holds the betting monopoly; online has no formal licensing regime

Tax

20% on player winnings; a mobile-money levy has been proposed

Enforcement reaches

No active blocking recorded

LONASE holds the betting monopoly and online has never had formal licensing, so offshore brands such as 1xBet and 22Bet operate under foreign or technical-partner cover.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Senegal →

Currency

ZMW

Regulator

BCB · Betting Control Board

Tax

5% levy on deposits and 5% on withdrawals (Betting Levy Act 27 of 2025, in force 1 Jan 2026); 15% withheld on winnings; betting excise suspended by SI 1 of 2026

Licensed by the Betting Control Board, with a tax base rebuilt at the start of 2026.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Zambia →

Currency

USD / ZWG

Land-based licensed, online grey (no dedicated online license); offshore (1xBet) operates freely, players not prosecuted; 2026 tax hikes (winnings 10→25%, GGR 3→20%) push offshore. USD is de facto settlement.

Currency

RWF

Regulator

RDB / NLGC · Rwanda Development Board, through its National Lottery and Gambling Commission

Tax

40% of GGR since Feb 2025 (13% before), plus 25% withheld on winnings

License economics

Licensing reopened 1 Aug 2025 after a 13-month freeze

Licensed by the Rwanda Development Board through its National Lottery and Gambling Commission, which resumed issuing licenses on 1 August 2025 after a thirteen-month freeze and cleared Betway, ElephantBet and ForteBet in July 2026.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Rwanda →

Currency

MZN

Sports betting licensed (Law 1/2010, IGJ local online licenses, e.g. 888bet/Premier Bet); online casino lacks a dedicated regime; offshore also reaches players.

Currency

AOA

Regulated since 2020 (ISJ licenses online operators); regulator pushing toward centralized/traceable routing via Multicaixa; winnings tax-free.

Currency

ETB

Regulator

NLA · National Lottery Administration / Ethiopian Lottery Service

Enforcement reaches

payment blocking

License economics

All licenses revoked 15 Dec 2025

Ethiopia went from licensed to closed in eleven days. On 4 December 2025 the Ethiopian Lottery Service suspended 22 betting companies on National Intelligence and Security Service information alleging embezzlement, tax evasion and illicit transfers, with arrests and claims of more than 100 billion birr in concealed revenue; effective 15 December 2025 every license issued by the National Lottery Administration was revoked. The order reaches the money by name: retail shops, agents, online platforms and the associated payment gateways must all stop, no new bets may be accepted, and the regulator states there are currently no legally licensed sports betting companies in Ethiopia. The rails below are what the market ran on and would run on again; mapped for the show-not-recommend case, not as a route in.

Currency

CDF

Regulator

SONAL (state operator; 1984 ordinance)

One of Africa's largest unregulated betting markets (trade estimates put it around $1.7bn), sitting on a 1984 ordinance that historically reserves lottery and betting-pool activity to the state operator SONAL, with reform and a SONAL relaunch announced for 2026. The regulatory gap is specifically a payments gap: betting transactions are frequent, small and near-instant, they run almost entirely through a handful of mobile-money platforms, and transaction data sits behind the telecoms regulator, which limits what the gambling side can see. Concentration is the risk and the opportunity in equal measure.

Currency

BWP

Regulator

BGA · Botswana Gambling Authority

License economics

No locally licensed online sportsbook exists; platforms run on foreign licenses

The Botswana Gambling Authority governs land-based gambling, and its online remit is thin: as of 2026 no locally licensed online sportsbook exists, so every platform serving Botswana players runs on a foreign license, most often Curaçao. That makes this an offshore-serve market with a domestic payment layer; the reverse of the usual African pattern, where the license comes first and the rails follow.

Currency

NAD

Regulator

Casino Board (Casino and Gambling House Act 1994)

License economics

No online regime; draft Gaming and Entertainment Control Bill unapproved

Namibia regulates on a 1990s statute that never anticipated the internet. The Casino and Gambling House Act of 1994 underpins roughly 260 gambling-house licenses and three casino licenses issued through the Casino Board, with no online regime attached; a draft Gaming and Entertainment Control Bill has been proposed to replace it but has not been approved. Until it is, online play runs offshore against a land-based framework that has no answer for it.

Currency

TRY

State monopoly (Iddaa/Spor Toto); all private/offshore real-money sites illegal but a huge grey market is offshore-served.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Turkey →

Currency

EGP

Regulator

No gambling regulator; the Central Bank of Egypt tracks gambling-linked transactions

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

No domestic regulation and online betting is de facto illegal, yet Egyptians are actively served by offshore books, and 2026 is when the state began pushing back.

Full breakdown: iGaming payments in Egypt →

Currency

MAD

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

MDJS sports-betting monopoly (run via Sisal); online casino/poker illegal. Offshore persists (Jan 2026 ISP-block suspended on appeal Feb 2026); 32% at-source withholding on offshore winnings via payment intermediaries.

Currency

AED / SAR

Online real-money gambling banned for residents across the GCC; bank transfers, domestic cards and wallets are firewalled from gambling by MCC blocks + intense AML. NO usable local fiat rail; real flow is crypto (out of scope) or foreign cards/intermediaries. Listed only because offshore operators do serve high-value Gulf players.

Currency

TND

Regulator

Ministry of Youth and Sports (Promosport)

Tax

25% on winnings via the legal channel

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

One legal channel and an unusually explicit attack on everything else. Promosport, supervised by the Ministry of Youth and Sports, is the only lawful online sports betting operator; every other site serving Tunisians is illegal, and winnings on the legal channel carry a 25% tax. A bill submitted to the Assembly of the Representatives of the People in January 2026 criminalises using and promoting unlicensed digital platforms, with one to five years' imprisonment and fines up to TND 500,000. The payments clauses are the sharpest in this taxonomy: internet providers and electronic payment firms are both legally mandated to block gambling portals and restrict the associated financial transactions, the central bank prohibits crypto betting outright, and the 2026 legislation adds AI-driven monitoring to flag and block mobile payments heading to offshore crypto gambling sites.

Currency

DZD

Regulator

State monopoly: PSA lottery and PMU Algérie

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

License economics

No route; Law 18-05 (2018) prohibits online gambling

Closed on every axis. The Civil and Penal Codes plus Law 18-05 of 2018 prohibit online casino, sports betting and poker; the Family Code, drawing on Sharia, bans games of chance generally. Legal gambling exists only as a state monopoly: the PSA lottery and the PMU Algérie horse tote. Enforcement runs at the infrastructure layer with ISP and payment blocking against offshore operators, and it tightened further in 2025; a law criminalised using VPNs and crypto to reach offshore sites, and Law No. 25-10, signed 24 July 2025, bans the use of any cryptocurrency outright. For an operator this is not a grey market to price; it is a market with no compliant rail at all.

Currency

ILS

Regulator

ISBB · Israel Sports Betting Board / Mifal HaPais

Enforcement reaches

site blocking + payment blocking

License economics

No route outside the two state bodies (Penal Law 5737-1977)

Penal Law 5737-1977 makes almost all gambling illegal, with two state-controlled exceptions: Mifal HaPais, the national lottery running since 1951 under Ministry of Finance supervision, and the Israel Sports Betting Board, whose Toto product does accept bets online through its official site. Everything else is prohibited, and the enforcement is specifically financial: ISP blocking and search-result filtering have been lawful practice since mid-2017, and local banks routinely block or restrict transactions to gambling sites. For an operator this is the clearest case in the taxonomy of a market where the payment layer, not the license layer, is what actually stops you.

Currency

USD / LBP

Regulator

Casino du Liban concession (Law No. 417/1995) and La Libanaise des Jeux

Enforcement reaches

site blocking

License economics

Exclusive land-based concession expiring 2026

A monopoly with an expiry date that lands this year. Casino du Liban in Jounieh has held the exclusive land-based license since 1959, extended by Law No. 417 of 1995 through 2026, alongside the state lottery run by La Libanaise des Jeux; so the concession that has defined Lebanese gambling for six decades is up for renewal or reshaping right now, which is the single thing worth watching here. Online is closed on paper: in 2013 the Ministry of Justice directed internet providers to block offshore gambling sites, largely to protect the casino's revenue. In practice the blocking is inconsistent, many international platforms stay reachable, VPN use is routine, and no prosecutions of Lebanese players are documented.

Currency

IQD / USD

Regulator

None; 1969 Penal Code prohibits gambling, unenforced

Enforcement reaches

No active blocking recorded

Prohibited on paper and unenforced in practice. The 1969 Penal Code bans every form of gambling, land-based and online, but authorities do not proactively pursue it and players reach offshore sites without consequence. What makes Iraq worth mapping rather than dismissing is that a real local payment layer grew up around that traffic: telecom and fintech wallets that betting sites integrate directly, which is unusual for a market with no licensing route at all.